Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example

Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Paper Our research project studied the influence of price as the major factor in the purchase behavior of Indian consumers by studying the purchase behavior of soap in a sample of students. As price is traditionally considered as one of the most important of 4 P’s of marketing, and a review of past literature showed an existing link between price and the purchase behavior, the topic was chosen to study. A convenient sample of 40 students was asked to respond to questionnaire containing multiple choice, scale and dichotomous questions with a focus on price of soaps. The results were analyzed with the emphasis on finding the important attributes of soap considered by consumers and how they ranked of price among the most important attributes in soaps. Gender analyses of the results were also done to find the change of the perception of price among men and woman. Respondents were also tested on their knowledge of the phenomenon of hidden pricing. The results were analyzed and were plotted in graphs to arrive at the proof for testing our hypothesis. A. Introduction 1. Problem Statement We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Consumer behavior is a complex, dynamic, multidimensional process, and all marketing decisions are based on assumptions about consumer behavior. The 4 P’s (Price, promotion, product and place) are considered to be the marketing-mix variables that influence the consumers of a product. From a seller’s view, these four are the marketing tools available to influence buyers. From a buyer’s point of view, each of these marketing tools is designed to provide a customer benefit. Out of the marketing-mix variables, traditionally, price has been the major determinant of a buyer’s choice. This is still in case with large segments of buyers across the globe. Although non-price factors have gained a lot of importance in the last few decades, price still remains an important factor in determining sales and profitability. Price exerts its influence in FMCG (Fast moving consumer goods) and marketers have tried to introduce new factors such as superior packaging, better advertisements, and increased number of choices to reduce the influence of price. The increased efforts are more visible in this product category as there is more competition for all segments in this market. Despite the extensive research, marketers still have poorly understood pricing and pricing strategies have become very important in determining the success of a product and a company. 2. Research Objectives/Hypotheses The objective of this research is to provide the insight into the degree of influence of price as the most important factor in the purchase decision of soap by a consumer, in order to provide a clear insight into the effect of price and the change of price in product sales which will help marketers to develop better pricing strategies and to plan for the optimum mix of the marketing-mix variables. Null hypothesis: Price is the most important attribute that influences the purchasing decision of soaps. Alternate hypothesis: Price does not play a significant role in the purchase decision of soaps. 3. Rationale for Approach The study started with collecting and reviewing existing literature in consumer behavior to ascertain the various factors of influence. Pricing related studies are also taken into account to find and conclude the presence of a research gap in studies relating FMCG sector (soaps in particular) and price to the behavior of consumers in southern India. 4. Value: in terms of Possible Outcomes The outcomes will provide the answer to the research questions of whether price plays a role in consumer’s minds while evaluating soap as a product and how much of an influence does price play in the buying decision. It will also give us an insight into whether price has the effect of overcoming customer loyalty and change habits and buying pattern. 5. Limitations of the study 1. The sample was fairly homogenous in terms of education level and income level. 2. The shopping behavior of the sample was not varied. 3. The study did not focus on the discount offers given on soaps. B. Methodology/Approach 1. General Research Design 2. Specific Research Questions 1. What are the factors that play a role in consumer’s decision of purchase of soaps? 2. Is price the most important attribute on which the consumer bases his purchase decision? 3. Will a change in price of the soap influence the buying decision? 4. Will a price change lead to shift in the customer loyalty to particular brand? 3. Data Collection Population – The shopping population of the campus and surrounding areas †¢ Sample Design 40 (Convenience sample). †¢ Measurement methods Survey using personal, structured questionnaire composed of be multiple-choice, dichotomous, scale questions. 4. Questionnaire Format: This Questionnaire was structured in such a way that it includes the profile of the consumer and the following factors related to the consumer behavior. 1. Product/brand attributes 2. Buying pattern/behavior 3. Purchase frequency/ quantity 4. Price of the product 5. Influence of price on the purchase 6. Shift in customer loyalty due to price change 5. Research Schedule: Task |Proposed date of completion | |Collecting responses to questionnaire |30/11/2009 1/12/2009 | |Interpreting the responses from the questionnaire |03/12/2009 | |Discussion regarding analysis of data using statistical tool |05/12/2009 | |Application of the statistical analysis to the data collected. |09/12/2009 | |Forming the results and conclusion |11/12/2009 | C. Literature review: An Exploratory Study of Sales Promotion Activities in Toilet Soap Category: An Insight into Consumer and Retailer Perceptions Kureshi Sonal and Vyas Preeta. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to examine the nature of sales promotion activities in toilet soap category in India, study retailer perceptions with respect to these activities and also get an insight into consumer perceptions of these activities. Findings indicate that with respect to the nature of the schemes, premiums (free gifts) were found to be the most frequently used in both premium and popular toilet soap category, followed by price offs. Retailers’ perceived price offs had relatively greater impact compared to any other forms of sales promotion. In line with the retailers’ perceptions, the findings of consumer perceptions indicated that price offs were the most preferred type of sales promotion. †¢ Supplier Attributes That Impact Institutional Buying Behavior A study on FMCG supplies to Hotel Industry Githa S Heggde and D. Sudharani Ravindran. The study on the functional gap implied how and why a particular buyer or a group reacted to the decisions of the producer in selecting a particular product and its utilization. The study of this functional gap proved that effective positioning of the product made the market place work better so that the buyers make better decisions to buy the product. The study involved the consumer involvement in the decision making process through the involvement theory. This theory is about consumer learning, which presumes that the degree of interest in purchase of an item depends upon the risks involved. The involvement is also dependent on nature of the product or service and the psychology of the customer. †¢ Consumer buying behavior in Asian markets Mark Speece. The findings of this study indicated that Asian middle-class was primarily value-orientated. The specific criteria for choice that Asian consumers used was different for various product characteristics. There was strong value orientation for product quality issues and price. Asian consumers looked more closely at product characteristics to ensure a purchase was worth the price they were being asked to pay. Consumers balance off quality and price, which means that they wanted good products, but not necessarily the best which they consider too expensive, or the cheapest which they do not trust in quality terms. Within that, how consumers across Asian markets reach their decisions is not so different from how western consumers reach theirs. †¢ Consumer Buying Behavior of, and Perceptions towards, Retail brand baby products Adelina Broadbridge and Henry Morgan. For some consumers, retail brand products were regarded as superior to well known manufacturers brands (Gallup, 1997). A successful brand was perceived as possessins sustainable unique added values (de Chernatony and McDonald, 1998) or representing a variety of ideas and additional attributes (Gardner, 1955)and this was extended to many retail brand products. A higher risk tolerance usually occurred when the consumer required greater assurance about quality rather than price although for high priced items, social and performance risk slowed the growth of retail brands. D. Analysis of results: [pic] Fig 1. Ranking of soap attributes in purchase of soap Finding 1: Contrary to the assumption, Quality was ranked first by the majority of the people. [pic] Fig 2 Ranking of price by customers while purchasing soap Finding 2: 41. 6% of the respondents ranked price as the second most important attribute they consider while purchasing soap. The price sensitivity of the sample was checked. There were asked to identify for which price range increase they would change their brand. As shown in the bar chart below, most people said that they would change the brand only for a price increase of greater than 15%. [pic] Fig 3 Price sensitivity of consumers buying soap Segmenting the sample on the basis of the gender, the price sensitivity was checked again. It was seen that females showed greater price sensitivity towards higher levels of price increase, while the males showed greater price sensitivity at lower levels of price increase. [pic] Fig 4. Soap price sensitivity difference in males and females. Another aspect that was evaluated was if the respondents were aware of the phenomenon of hidden pricing in soaps. While a majority, i. e. , 85% knew about hidden pricing, a surprising percentage of only 68% said that they would change their brand due to hidden pricing. [pic][pic] Fig 5. Knowledge of hidden pricing among consumers and change in purchase behavior E. Summary: 1. After the analysis of results, we come to conclusion to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis. 2. Hence, â€Å"Price is not the most significant factor in the purchase decision of soaps. â€Å" We can also see a number of other interesting conclusions – We can see that in the purview of soaps based on the considered sample, they are †¢ Majority of the respondents felt that quality is a stronger deciding factor than price. †¢ Most of the respondents were price sensitive only to the higher levels of price increase. †¢ Females are more brand loyal than males in the lower price ranges. They change brands only for a higher price increase. †¢ Though a majority of the respondents knew about the phenomenon of hidden pricing, some of them still don’t view it as a reason strong enough to change brands. F. Conclusion: G. Scope for further studies:

police science Essay Example

police science Essay Example police science Essay police science Essay Police administration Essay 1 The list of UCR crimes includes murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny theft and vehicle theft. When statistics for murder cases are being recorded, they include those of manslaughter too. The figure of murder currently reads beyond five hundred in New York. Rape cases are beyond one thousand. However, the trend shows they have reduced as the years have passed. For instance, in 1980, statistics for rape cases were three thousand seven hundred and eleven. In 2005, the figure had reduced to one thousand four hundred and twelve. The department of homeland security has approximately 230,000employees. Community policing has three key elements that fall under organizational dimension, external elements and tactical elements. There are several more under these key elements such as inclusion of citizens. The broken window theory is based on the assumption that if a small crime is not responded to, it will result to more crime. Thus, criminal behavior could be termed as a lax in police force. The NYPD patrol bureau is concerned with planning, directing and coordinating of the police in uniform on their law enforcement patrol duties. The CIMS branch that requires having detectives for combating terrorist activities is the police department. The COPMSTAT was started in New York by Jack Maple when he was a transit police officer Yes/ No Answers 1) Did a riot occur in Los Angles in the 1992 over the beating of a black male motorist by police officers? Yes 2) Did Police Commissioner Lee Brown bring Community Police to NYPD? Yes 3) Is Police Administration a general term for police supervision and operations? No 4) Are there five (5) branches in the CIMS model? No 5) Is August Volmer considered the father of policing in America? Yes 6) Is the NYPD Fusion center called the Command and Dissemination Center? No 7) Is an example of domestic terrorism group Hamas? Yes 8) Did Chief Justice Earl Warren take away many rights from criminal suspects? Yes 9) Was SARA model first used by Sir Robert Peel in England Pendleton Reform? Yes An example of a patrol function is conducting buy and bust operations. No

Asset Classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Asset Classes - Essay Example One of the major asset classes of OXT is stock. For the last 52 weeks, the company has recorded a daily average of 1.2 K shares in the UK market. Even though the company has displayed a downward trend on the 50 day moving average, the 20 day moving average depicts a financial strength of the company. One of the major concerns of the company management is the 200 SMA that stands at 18.47, thus creating a lot of resistance from the investors. According to the performance of Coca-Cola on the 9th of August, 2012, the company shares closed at 79.24 USD, indicating a decrease of 0.4%. On August 9, 2012, 4.79 million shares were traded, which indicates an increment of 23.89% as compared to 2011. As compared to OXT, which shows a downward movement of its stock prices, Coca-Cola stock prices depict a significant increment. Money market is an additional asset class of OXT. Currently, the company market capitalization stands at 1 while shares in issue are 5.43 million. The company profit margin is 500% while turnover per share stands at 0.001 (Oxford Technology Venture Capital Trust: Fundamentals, 2012). On the other hand, Coca-Cola market capitalization stands at 178.39 billion. The company shares outstanding 2.25 billion, thus attracting many investors. Based on its high profitability and large investment portfolio, Coca-Cola’s earning per share (EPS) stands at 3.78 USD. According to the financial report provided by the company in the month of July 2012, an average of 6.16 million shares has been sold. Asset classification of Oxford Technology Venture Capital Trust PLC and other similar mutual funds is significant in that it helps the investors to determine the type of investment that fits their needs. It is important to note that due to the recent economic downturn, the current investment environment has been faced with challenges based on low level of employment, which was experienced in many

Sexual Addiction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sexual Addiction - Research Paper Example To most people, Sexual Addiction seems to be a misnomer since sexual activities are normal exercises that occur naturally to living beings. People may find it difficult to comprehend the limits of sexual activities when it crosses the stage of normal sexual activities and becomes a mania, or compulsive obsession. The answer is not too far to seek. The brain secretes chemicals called endorphins which are responsible for pleasure sensations in living beings. These chemicals are also released after peak sexual activities, especially after ejaculation. Eventually, the craving for release of endorphins through sexual activities becomes very demanding and even uncontrollable, thus leading to Sexual Addiction which makes a person to always crave for sexual satisfaction, irrespective of other considerations. This could effectively lead to â€Å"an obsession with sex that dominates ones life, including sexual fantasies that interfere with work performance.† (Sexual addiction, n.d.). Sexual Addictions may adopt many manifestations when joined with drugs and/or alcohol that form a lethal combination that could cause multiple harms to its imbibers; including death or disability. Besides, the nexus between unsafe sexual practices and scourges like venereal diseases, HIV and a score of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are well documented. In this essay, it is preferred to consider the ramifications of Sexual Addictions, a study of available literature on this subject and the ways and means by which further research studies could be made on this subject. This essay would also consider a sound conclusion that could appropriately underpin this study. According to well researched and document studies, there is no symptoms for Sexual Addictions. It is a widely ranging and encompassing addiction that seize in its stride, â€Å"compulsive masturbation, compulsive heterosexual and homosexual relationships, pornography, prostitution,

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Marketing - Essay Example The website claimed that I was a strong fit for a major in media arts. I have never been interested in arts, thus to me this result is incorrect based on my abilities and preferences. When I took a look at the information from the survey I was reminded that so far I have been successful in my academic career. My cumulative grade point average is 3.75. I hope to continue working hard in college to maintain a high grade point average. Students that graduate with high grades have more opportunities available to them. A high grade point average can help you get into graduate school or obtain a job with a multinational firm. The survey also mentioned my extracurricular activities. In college it is important to have a good balance between school and your social life. The values and preference section of the survey revealed that I like working in large groups. I believe a lot in the value of teamwork. Work Cited Page Mymajors.com. 2011. â€Å"Student Advertisement Report & Survey Transcrip t Prepared for: Abdulaziz Al-khalifa.† 29 March 2011.

Impacts of Globalization on Dell

Impacts of Globalization on Dell Globalization has had major effects on the corporate culture of DELL, in the global environment DELL has also benefited from the technological advancements. The drivers of globalization have improved the methods and systems of international transportation, dominating the international commerce, its impacts have been felt by dell. Technology has not only enabled DELL to enter into the world business, but it has allowed the worlds economy to be fused into a single point of operation which has enabled DELL to gain an interdependent system of operation. The world has transformed into a global village due to the help of the information technology which allows the companies such as DELL to shares new ideas. Technological revolution has no uniformity in its effect; it has assumed different forms at different situations depending on the forces which can be economic, political, or cultural. Technology is the key factor in the development of DELLs strategies. The source of technological advancements at DELL is due to the search for the increased economic efficiency and the desire to reduce the cost that the society has to pay for the availability its products. The purpose of the technological advancements is to improve the usage of the available natural resources through the gadgets such as those provided by DELL. Globalization has enabled DELL to improve its Productivity and the competitiveness, this is the function of knowledge which is generated due to the information processing by the globalized firms and the territorial organization into the networks of production, management and distribution, All of DELLs core economic activities are global since they have the capacity to work as an individual unit in the real time. Globalization has had major impacts on DELL, Many activities which were previously involved in the face-to-face interaction, or those that were local, can now be conducted across great distances. DELL has gone through a significant de-localization in its social and economic exchanges. Due to globalization, DELL has been de-localized, it has been able to adopted new technologies which involve interaction with its customers. The most strategic and crucial activities especially in the economic sector have been networked around the globalized system of the inputs and outputs.ÂÂ  What happens in local environment of a company is increasingly influenced by the activities of other global companies and the international systems which operate many miles away. For instance, an innovation in the worlds commodity and the money markets can cause a significant impact on other products across the globe.ÂÂ  Companies and international systems are increasingly becoming interdependent. Globa lization has a marked acceleration to the rate of expansion of the DELL which spans along with the significant improvements in the economic activities. The technological advancements enable DELL to tap new skills and new opportunities for employment of its workforce. This increases the ability of the company to run its activities effectively and carry out its financial obligations in a more effective manner. The technological advancements combined with increased rate of globalization increases the importance of developing the corporate culture, for economic necessity/social demands, and for resource availabilities which affects the scope and the pace of technological adoption in each industry and the consuming community. However, the technologies that have been described above appear to have the most promise for the significant global effects which are riddled with the uncertainty, with the progress in time, the unforeseen technological developments and its effects on may eclipse the economic or the political growth trends. Globalization may cause other trends with the technical challenges that do not have the significance in the global effects in the near future but can become significant with time. Due to the globalization DELL is facing stiff competition from its competitors, the leadership and the participation in the development in the technical area depends on the several factors, this include the future regional economic arrangements international and amount of the public and the private sector research for developments and capital investments. There are signs for a more stiff competition amongst the economic alliances, which increases the support for the global intellectual property protection, more globalization, and the division of the responsibilities for a faster growth in the technological front. Technology brings the benefits and prosperity to a company, it may sideline others and create new dimensions. Technology helps to alleviate some severe hardship, it will create real economic development. Those companies which are not willing or able to adapt to new technological opportunities may fall further behind. The market weakness of a product of a developing company due to the lack of the economic incentives will be insufficient to drive the acquisition of the new technology or skills. Many companies are threatened by the fact that the corporate cultures that have had long-term existence are threatened by the new ways of living which has been brought about by the technological advancements. DELL has seen the benefits of technology, this is partly due to the changes which are difficult to prevent. However the corporate culture of any company can preserve certain values and the cultural values which have an impact on the guiding regulations and protections which affect its technological development corporate social responsibility DELL is committed to the highest ethical standards, it does the right thing and operate with the integrity and transparency, DELL has build and maintained credibility and trust with its employees, the customers, partners, stockholders, and the community Dells global principles guide the company as it globalizes its operations, enters new markets, and expands its global employment base. Dells goal is to be a green company to the communities where its products are consumed. Its global principles are based on the corporate values and policies regarding the social and environmental stewardship as adopted from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the fundamental conventions of the International Labor organization, the International Organization for Standardization, as well as the experience of other corporations around the globe. The company is committed to using its unique direct businesses to model and make technology more affordable and accessible to people and all the institutions around the world in order to take the advantage of the tremendous economic and the social benefits of more technological advancements. To achieve its objectives. DELL has done the following; It has used its customer model products to bring affordable technology to both new and the emerging markets, as well as established new ones. It has grown its global employment base to tap the diverse ideas and new skills, this has increased its understanding of the global customer needs by bringing the desirable technology and new jobs to the world community. It has developed the global network of suppliers aimed at improving the performance and lowering the cost of its systems. To improve on its corporate social responsibility DELL has devised a direct way of working delivers ensures that value is delivered to its customers. It is also based on the distinct company values, this acknowledges the companys responsibilities to the following groups; Its employees; DELL treats all the employees with high dignity and respect a factor which provides the opportunity for all of its employees to succeed. Consuming community; DELL has strived to be an eco-friendly company which is responsible to the community and for environmental stewardship. Its global suppliers and their employees: DELL ensures that its acts are ethical and also encourages responsibility in terms of employment of the environmental practices from its suppliers. Dell has made it clear that it will grow its global operations and manage its expansion responsibly with respect to its corporate culture by observing the following; It will conserve the natural environment and protect all the resources of its host countries and the consuming communities. It will provide high quality jobs with good benefits through the employee training in the new communities, and provide the work environment which protects the health and the safety of the employees, customers, contractors, and the general public. It will always communicate its expectations to its suppliers and work in collaboration with its employees to promote high standards of work and behavior. It will maintain respect to the laws, values and the culture of its host countries. Ensuring positive contribution to the community, both individually and organizationally. As a competitive employer DELL provides the following; Meaningful working conditions characterized by a safe, secure and very healthy environment, high quality jobs with very competitive benefits, Job opportunities for further training and professional advancement which is open to every employee, Reward its employees based on the performance results and their contribution both to its business and the community, it will create a workplace which values diversity. DELLS approach to diversity is mainly defined by its recognition of both the similarities and differences in addition to its inclusiveness, respect and the corporate culture which allows the individuals to make positive contribution to their potential. In cases where DELL will establish its business in the new locations, it will give maximum support to the local authorities in order to provide jobs and create numerous employment opportunities through the following It will create new opportunities for its qualified individuals that are either unemployed or underemployed; It will provide the ongoing on-the-job training programs and the professional growth opportunities. Instill a culture of the best performers does best Develop a breed of knowledgeable the workers. Address the digital divide through the provision of the community-based education to the youths. It will ensure minimized disruptions to its employees in case their jobs are changed, if they have been relocated or eliminated as Dell builds the global presence by Providing fair notification in regard to the employment changes, Strive by retaining and placing the employees with good performance by promoting them to new positions in the company, Work closely with the stakeholders in order to ease the transition from Dell to the next employment opportunity for employees who prefer to seek career opportunities outside of the Dell company. Seek to ensure that any disruption caused to the communities in which Dell employees experiences job changes is minimized. DELL is determined to ensure that its suppliers around the world understands and embraces the high standards of ethical behavior by treating their employees with high dignity and respect, its therefore a requirement that all the suppliers should partner up and adhere to Dells supplier principles or the industrial principles as outlined in the Electronic Industry Code of Conduct. To achieve this DELL will play an active role in the industrial group developing and the promotion code of Ethics. It will also continually solicit and make reviews for the feedback of the stakeholder organizations. DELL will also work with the local authorities in every region of its operation and stakeholders to by understanding the community priorities and draft means of how it can play the role of addressing the community environmental issues. It will make it possible for its employees to make the difference in the community affairs through volunteerism and support of the non-profit organizations. DELL ensures faster response in the case of the natural disasters. It has also Leveraged its Foundation and its corporate commitment to equip the youths for the digital economy. Environmental influences on DELL its ability to achieve its objectives and deal with competitors. Environmental factors have both positive and negative impacts on the industry and the market growth potential of the product/service. The following environmental factors affect the global operations of DELL, The Government actions Government actions, be it current or under consideration have on several occasions affected DELL by either supporting or detracting its strategy. This is in the consideration of the subsidies, safety, efficacy and the operational regulations, the licensing requirements, restrictions to the access to materials and the price controls. The demographic changes, anticipation in the changes of the demographic environment also impacts to the growth of the potential of the industry and the market.The emerging technology, the technological changes may not favor the actions of DELLs enterprise. The cultural trends, the cultural changes such as the fashion trends and the life style trends may not support DELLs offering to penetrate the market. DELL operates within the larger framework of the external environment which shapes the opportunities and poses the threats to the companies. The external environment is a conglomeration of complex, and rapidly changing institutions and the forces that affect the organizations ability to serve the customers. The external forces are not controlled by the organization; these forces may be greatly influenced or affected by the organization. Therefore, it is necessary for the Companies such as DELL to understand the environmental conditions because they affect their strategic decisions. The external environment has major impacts on the determination of DELLs marketing decisions. This organization can be successful if it scans its external environment in order to respond to the profitability to of its needs and the target market trends. To adopt into the marketing, it requires the company to provide greater customer values as compared to its competitors. It is impossible for an organization such as DELL to develop a very strong competitive position and strategies without the knowledge of its competitors in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. In view of this three levels of competition have been identified to exist. This include; Direct competitors which are the firms competing for the same customers with the similar products, Product competition which involve the substitute products, and Competition at the level of the consumers purchasing power. Pure competition involves many firms, with each selling identical products, but neither of them is powerful. The monopolistic competition has many firms which are selling slightly differentiated products. Oligopoly is a very small number of firms selling its products, it can act collusively. Monopoly is where a single firm sells in the market for without the substitutes. DELLs economic environment is made up of the factors that affect its consumer purchasing power and the spending patterns. The economic factors include the business cycles, inflation rates, unemployment levels, the interest rates, and the amount of the income. The Changes in the economic variables have significant impacts on the marketplace. For example, the income affects the consumer spending which in turn affects the sales for the organizations. Demographics factors identify the marketers their current and potential customers, the location of the customers, and how many customers are able to buy what the marketers are selling. Generally, Demographic factors involve the human populations in reference to size, density, the location, age, sex, race, the occupation, and other statistical aspects. The Changes in the demographic environment can affect DELL by resulting into the significant opportunities and the cultural threats which presents themselves to the organization. The major trends for the marketers in the demographic environment may include the worldwide population explosion, changing of the age structure, ethnic groupings and the educational mix, the emergence of new types of households; and the geographical shifts in the population. The Social/cultural forces are somehow difficult and uncontrollable variables to predict. It is therefore of great importance for DELL as the marketers to understand and appreciate all the cultural values of the environment under which they operate. The cultural environment consists of the forces which affect the societys basic values, its perceptions, and the preferences, the values and beliefs which include equality, level of achievement, the youthfulness, efficiency, the practicality, the self-actualization, freedom, the humanitarianism. The changes in the social/cultural environment tend to affect the customers behavior, which in turn affects the sales of the products. DELL being the producer of electronic gadgets it must be aware of the trends in the cultural environment including the individual changes in personal views of themselves, and the world around them and the movement towards the self-fulfillment. The aim of this section of the paper was to examine the environment and its effects to DELL, the ecosystem refers to the natural systems and the resources that are needed as the inputs by the marketers or affects that the marketing activities have. The environmental concern about the physical environment has been intensified due to the climatic changes. The environmental consciousness is significant to DELL to the sensitivity associated with the electronic waste disposal. To avoid the shortages in the raw materials, DELL can make use of the renewable resources (such as forests) and alternatives (such as solar and wind energy) for nonrenewable resources. It can also limit the energy consumption of its products by increasing the efficiency. DELL can also built Goodwill by voluntarily engaging in the anti-pollution activities and the conservation of the natural resources. Dell will help protect the natural environment by: Considerations on how it will devise the means for minimizing the environmentally sensitive materials, optimization of energy consumption by its products, and promotion of the dematerialization in its product designs. Minimization of the environmental impacts on the communities where DELL has its facilities can be achieved by the implementation of the programs which reduce the wastes, enhance the conservation of the resources, and prevent the pollution. DELL also provides the easy and affordable recovery of the solutions for end of life products from its customers, including the re-use program which benefits the non-profits and the underserved communities. DELL also prohibits the export of the electronic waste to developing nations. Dell adheres to the stringent standards for the product safety to protect its customers. DELL has also revised its policies to protect the critical technology by complying with all laws as laid down by the United States and those of other countries which concerns the imports or exports of the products/ services, the software packages and technology, this also includes the regulations which restrict the sale of the advanced technologies to rogue or organizations. (Peter, 2011) Dell respects its customer privacy all over the world through the restricting the collection, storage and illegal use of personal details or private information to specific the purposes such as the processing of purchases, provision of the services and support, and the sharing of its products/service and its news with the customers.

The Narrative Technique of Faulkners Absalom, Absalom! Essay -- Absal

The Narrative Technique of Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Guilt should be viewed through the eyes of more than one person, southern or otherwise.   William Faulkner filters the story, Absalom, Absalom!, through several minds providing the reader with a dilution of its representation. Miss Rosa, frustrated, lonely, mad, is unable to answer her own questions concerning Sutpen's motivation.   Mr. Compson sees much of the evil and the illusion of romanticism of the evil that turned Southern ladies into ghosts. Charles Bon and Henry Sutpen are evaluated for their motives through Quentin Compson and Shreve McCannon.   Quentin attempt to evade his awareness, Shreve the outsider (with Quentin's help)   reconstructs the story and understands the meaning of Thomas Sutpen's life.   In the novel Absalom, Absalom!, a multiple consciousness technique is used to reassess the process of historical reconstruction by the narrators.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter one is the scene in which Miss Rosa tells Quentin about the early days in Sutpen's life.   It's here that Rosa explains to Quentin why she wanted to visit old mansion on this day.   She is the one narrator that is unable to view Sutpen objectively.   The first chapter serves as merely an introduction to the history of Sutpen based on what Miss Rosa heard as a child and her brief personal experiences.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The narration of Absalom, Absalom!, can be considered a coded activity. Faulkner creates the complex narration beginning at chapter 2.   It ironic that one of Faulkner's greatest novels is one in which the author only appears as the teller of the story in one brief section; The details of the hero's arrival, Thomas Sutpen, i... ...orical knowledge (Connelly 12).    Works Cited    Aswell, Duncan. â€Å"The Puzzling Design of Absalom, Absalom!† Muhlenfeld 93-108    Bloom, Harold, ed.  Ã‚   Absalom, Absalom! Modern Critical Interpretations.   New York: Chelsea.  Ã‚  Ã‚   1987.    Connelly, Don.   â€Å"The History and Truth in Absalom, Absalom!† Northwestern University, 1991.    Faulkner, William.   Absalom, Absalom!   New York: Vintage, 1972    Levins, Lynn.   â€Å"The Four Narrative Perspectives in Absalom, Absalom!†Ã‚   Austin: U of Texas,   1971.    Muhlenfeld, Elizabeth, ed. William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!: A Critical Casebook. New York: Garland, 1984.    Rollyson, Carl. â€Å"The Re-creation of the Past in Absalom, Absalom!†Ã‚   Mississippi Quarterly 29 (1976): 361-74    Searle Leroy. â€Å"Opening the Door: Truth in Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!† Unpublished essay. N.d. The Narrative Technique of Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom! Essay -- Absal The Narrative Technique of Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Guilt should be viewed through the eyes of more than one person, southern or otherwise.   William Faulkner filters the story, Absalom, Absalom!, through several minds providing the reader with a dilution of its representation. Miss Rosa, frustrated, lonely, mad, is unable to answer her own questions concerning Sutpen's motivation.   Mr. Compson sees much of the evil and the illusion of romanticism of the evil that turned Southern ladies into ghosts. Charles Bon and Henry Sutpen are evaluated for their motives through Quentin Compson and Shreve McCannon.   Quentin attempt to evade his awareness, Shreve the outsider (with Quentin's help)   reconstructs the story and understands the meaning of Thomas Sutpen's life.   In the novel Absalom, Absalom!, a multiple consciousness technique is used to reassess the process of historical reconstruction by the narrators.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter one is the scene in which Miss Rosa tells Quentin about the early days in Sutpen's life.   It's here that Rosa explains to Quentin why she wanted to visit old mansion on this day.   She is the one narrator that is unable to view Sutpen objectively.   The first chapter serves as merely an introduction to the history of Sutpen based on what Miss Rosa heard as a child and her brief personal experiences.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The narration of Absalom, Absalom!, can be considered a coded activity. Faulkner creates the complex narration beginning at chapter 2.   It ironic that one of Faulkner's greatest novels is one in which the author only appears as the teller of the story in one brief section; The details of the hero's arrival, Thomas Sutpen, i... ...orical knowledge (Connelly 12).    Works Cited    Aswell, Duncan. â€Å"The Puzzling Design of Absalom, Absalom!† Muhlenfeld 93-108    Bloom, Harold, ed.  Ã‚   Absalom, Absalom! Modern Critical Interpretations.   New York: Chelsea.  Ã‚  Ã‚   1987.    Connelly, Don.   â€Å"The History and Truth in Absalom, Absalom!† Northwestern University, 1991.    Faulkner, William.   Absalom, Absalom!   New York: Vintage, 1972    Levins, Lynn.   â€Å"The Four Narrative Perspectives in Absalom, Absalom!†Ã‚   Austin: U of Texas,   1971.    Muhlenfeld, Elizabeth, ed. William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!: A Critical Casebook. New York: Garland, 1984.    Rollyson, Carl. â€Å"The Re-creation of the Past in Absalom, Absalom!†Ã‚   Mississippi Quarterly 29 (1976): 361-74    Searle Leroy. â€Å"Opening the Door: Truth in Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!† Unpublished essay. N.d.

Dorothy Livesay’s poem “Experience” Essay

Dorothy Livesay’s poem â€Å"Experience† teaches that if one learns solely from outside sources, then one will never know what it is to feel independence and self-growth. By examining the authors personal experiences, the imagery, and the symbolism used the above statement will be proven true. Dorothy’s personal life had a large influence on her opinion about independence and self-growth. Her lengthy career spanning over 5 decades, her involvement with politics and her general travelling not only across Canada but Paris and the soviet union kept her constantly experiencing new environments. This greatly affected her career as a poet, she let herself be influenced by all cultures and her surroundings. She began travelling independently at a young age and co inherently matured quickly, proving the idea that personal experience and learning first hand is essential in fully understanding all aspects of life. Livesay’s comparison of having situations and experiences forced upon you to the idea of eating bitter and stale bread leaving her feeling tired and hollow shows a direct relation to the idea of maturing and growing as a person. â€Å"So I went on my own road, tasting all fruits, all breads.† As she grows up she has everyone around her assuming they know what’s best and force her to follow their ideas without any say. This hurts her ability to be independent and leaves her completely reliant on others and lacking personality and imagination. Realising this as she continues to grow older she decides to travel and experience new ideas and ways of living to learn for herself what’s best for her personally. Although it is not guaranteed that everything you come across will have positive effects on your life, eventually what you’re looking for will come across and you will grow as an individual. In the poem, Livesay uses bread as a symbol for the situations and experiences forced upon you by others, and fruits as the adventures you make and learn from independently. The bread is described as being bitter and stale, leaving her heart feeling empty and unsatisfied†¦as if something was  missing. Once the decision was made to travel and experience everything for herself – both breads and fruits – she felt like that part of her that was missing had been filled and completed. One could infer that the part of her that was missing was her independence and maturity, which she developed as she continued to travel and work. â€Å"Tasting all fruits, all breads: And if some were bitter, others were sweet. So I learned, how the heart is fed.† Dorothy Livesay’s personal life following the idea of independence and growth through travelling alone and learning first hand, the imagery developed in the descriptions of how the bread and fruits taste, and the use of symbolism turning the idea of bread into undesirable events and fruits being the idea of self-growth and maturity show that the core message in Dorothy Livesay’s poem â€Å"Experience† is one cannot grow and mature as a person if they learn solely from outside sources.

Quick Facts on the Korean War

Quick Facts on the Korean War The Korean War began on June 25, 1950 and ended on July 27, 1953. Where The Korean War took place on the Korean Peninsula, initially in South Korea, and then later in North Korea as well. Who North Korean communist forces called the North Korean Peoples Army (KPA) under President Kim Il-Sung began the war.  Mao Zedongs Chinese Peoples Volunteer Army (PVA) and the Soviet Red Army joined later. Note - the majority of the soldiers in the Peoples Volunteer Army were not really volunteers. On the other side, the South Korean Republic of Korea Army (ROK) joined forces with the United Nations. The UN force included troops from: United States (approx. 327,000)Great Britain (14,000)Canada (8,000)Turkey (5,500)Australia (2,300)Ethiopia (1,600)The Philippines (1,500)New Zealand (1,400)Thailand (1,300)Greece (1,250)France (1,200)Colombia (1,000)Belgium (900)South Africa (825)The Netherlands (800)Sweden (170)Norway (100)Denmark (100)Italy (70)India (70)Luxembourg (45) Maximum Troop Deployment South Korea and UN: 972,214 North Korea, China, USSR: 1,642,000 Who Won the Korean War? Neither side actually won the Korean War. In fact, the war goes on to this day, since the combatants never signed a peace treaty. South Korea did not even sign the Armistice agreement of July 27, 1953, and North Korea repudiated the armistice in 2013. In terms of territory, the two Koreas returned essentially to their pre-war boundaries, with a demilitarized zone (DMZ) dividing them roughly along the 38th parallel. The civilians on each side truly lost the war, which resulted in millions of civilian deaths and economic devastation. Total Estimated Casualties South Korea and UN troops: 178,236 killed, 32,844 missing, 566,314 wounded.North Korea, USSR, and Chinese troops: Numbers are unclear, but American estimates range from 367,000 to 750,000 killed, about 152,000 missing or taken prisoner  and 686,500 to 789,000 wounded.South Korean civilians: 373,599 killed, 229,625 wounded, and 387,744 missingNorth Korean civilians: estimated 1,550,000 casualtiesTotal civilian deaths and injuries: approximately 2.5 million Major Events and Turning Points June 25, 1950: North Korea invades South KoreaJune 28, 1950: North Korean forces capture southern capital, SeoulJune 30, 1950: US pledges troops to UN effort for defense of South KoreaSept. 15, 1950: ROK and UN troops confined to Pusan Perimeter, launch counter-offensive Invasion of InchonSept. 27, 1950: UN troops recapture SeoulOct. 9, 1950: ROK and UN troops drive KPA back across 38th Parallel, South Koreans and allies invade North KoreaOct. 19, 1950: ROK and UN capture northern capital of PyongyangOct. 26, 1950: South Korean and UN troops mass along Yalu River, the North Korea/China borderOct. 27, 1950: China enters war on North Korean side, pushes UN/South Korean troops backNov. 27-30, 1950: Battle of Chosin ReservoirJan. 15, 1951: North Korean and Chinese troops retake SeoulMarch 7 - April 4, 1951: Operation Ripper, ROK and UN push combined communist forces above 38th parallel againMarch 18, 1951: UN forces recapture Seoul once moreJuly 10 - Aug. 23, 1951: Truce negotiations at Kaesong amidst continued bloody fighting Nov. 27, 1951: 38th parallel set as line of demarcationThroughout 1952: Bloody battles and trench warfareApril 23, 1953: Kaesong peace talks resumeJuly 27, 1953: UN, North Korea, and China sign armistice, ending fighting More Information on the Korean War: Detailed Timeline of the Korean WarPhotographs from the Korean WarThe Invasion of IncheonMap of the Pusan Perimeter and the Invasion of Incheon

Kindred in 3rd Person essays

Kindred in 3rd Person essays In the novel Kindred by Octavia Butler we see the first hand events of an African American woman from California in the 1970s travel to the antebellum south in the 19th century. This novel then can be called a slave narrative witch is a first hand account of a slaves life. These are done in a first person perspective for the reason that it is the slave who is merely telling their life. Yet what would happen to the power, which is put in this novel if the perspective was change from the one who experienced the events to someone who saw the events unfold? To change from the first person to the third person. This could only have one of two out come one would be that it would only make the novel better by allowing the reader to see all that the author wants them to see the other is that it could make the novel worse by confusing the reader. Both of these outcomes could occur and yet it would also seam that niter could happen and that it would not change the effectiveness of the novel to show the authors point. Yet what is the authors point? It is simple to see that the author is trying to show that people can do things that today are considered morally wrong and evil and yet these people fell that they are doing noting wrong. This is easily show with the first person perspective of Dana by her encounter with her ancestors of Tom and Rufus Weylin. She is treated badly like a slave and yet both of theses men find that they are still good men even though they do what they do to their slaves. This is a third person perspective for Dana witnessed all of the things that were done to these slaves and yet it was also a first person perspective for it was Dana who saw these events and it is her memory. Dana herself also has to endure the horrors of slavery in the time that she spends in the antebellum south. Yet what if all of this was to be in the third person it would have a much different affect on the reader ...

Comparison between the characteristics of citizens of Germany and Essay

Comparison between the characteristics of citizens of Germany and Qatar - Essay Example As it is explained in the book â€Å"Culture Smart: Germany†, Germans make their best effort to complete a task within the time assigned, and make sure that they do the work rightly the very first time it is done. In short, we can say that they are too committed to their jobs and respect the deadlines. When I compare that to the trend in my country, Qatar, I find a huge difference because most of the people in Qatar are too careless about the work deadlines, and more often than not, work is completed after the deadlines. Regardless of the religion or cultural differences with Germans, I respect them as a Muslim for their hard work, because in Islam, we are taught to do everything with extreme enthusiasm and professionalism. In one saying, our Prophet Mohammed has conveyed that God loves it when someone does something and he/she does it well. Another characteristic that I particularly like about Germans is their straightforwardness. Germans have a habit of saying straight whate ver they have in their mind, and they do not feel any hesitation or embarrassment in being truthful in their speech. There is no hypocrisy in them. Thus, whatever they say, they mean it and they do what they think is right. Straightforwardness to such a high extent may sound rude occasionally, but for me it should not be taken like that. I feel that one should welcome criticism as long as it is just. I would not mind someone telling me to correct myself in a particular way if I am really wrong in that. In my country, people frequently make use of flattery for personal gains. This is a sign of hypocrisy and is strictly forbidden in Islam. In addition to their straightforwardness, I like German’s truth.

Miniaturization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Miniaturization - Essay Example Advantages of miniaturization Miniaturization is very vital as it has several advantages. It requires low cost, has the ability to accommodate greater density and it is high in speed. The small electronics are very faster as the signals they transmit travel over short distances and the devices do not travel for long distances within the implemented device. Furthermore, packing of small sized devices is quite advantageous as it help reduce the cost incurred in the electronics. For instance, though four times the memory capacity, a 1-megabit DRAM chip which contains 256-kilobit DRAM is less costly as compared to a product of same space. The number of chips on a system determines the total cost of the circuit therefore, 1-megait of DRAM used reduces the probable number of memory chips in the long run reducing the prices as compared to a four 256 kilobit DRAM in use. In addition, the prices of logic devices have gone down due to the greater integration and reduction in the size of the tr ansistors. Miniaturization is also vital as it has the ability to create new markets through enabling new and advanced applications. For instance, through development of the microprocessors which is a very small component in an integrated circuit has led to expansion of markets for personal computers. The flat panel displays with the improved packaging of chips have contributed to the advancement of battery-powered computers. This has been one of the functional markets that miniaturization has created. In addition, the reduction of cellular telephones and computers into small components has led to the merging of these devices to a cordless appliance which can easily link the whole world through network. For instance, the application of miniaturization is evident in companies such as Nippon Electric Company which offers laptops that have a cellular phone. This laptop is available in Japan though countries such as America are also coming up with this technological change in miniaturiz ation. Disadvantages of miniaturization Miniaturization has several side effects that are very difficult to handle. For instance, miniaturization produces a lot of noise. The quality of image suffers the soaring loud noise which comes from miniaturization of the varied pixel sizes. Errors from the registering photons and signaling process in reading out of the CCD phase leads to the production of noise. The different pixels differ in time and due to the varied sensitivity. Thus, there is a big difference in the amount of photons that are transformed to the electrical charge. More so, photons are always changing with change in the pixels at different times. However, if the photons fail to arrive noise must be produced in the process. If the pixels reduce then reducing noise becomes more difficult. There is high amount of photons arriving if the pixel is small in size. The energized or small pixels contain small energy difference as compared to huge pixels. This has made it difficult for one to easily distinguish noise from signals. Image noise in low light is severe while signals are lower. Therefore, amplifying weak signals leads to production of noisy pictures. Increase in miniaturization leads to increase in noise which causes a lot of waste on the area of the chip. Secondly, miniaturization leads to diffraction. Diffraction in miniaturization occurs when a wave takes its way or passes near an obstacle resulting to deflection of light. The normal dispersion of light is linear and involves photons spreading out near